Shape Matching and Object Recognition Using Shape Contexts
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Multiresolution Gray-Scale and Rotation Invariant Texture Classification with Local Binary Patterns
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
Photo tourism: exploring photo collections in 3D
ACM SIGGRAPH 2006 Papers
Hierarchical building recognition
Image and Vision Computing
ICIAP '07 Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing
3D Urban Scene Modeling Integrating Recognition and Reconstruction
International Journal of Computer Vision
Windows Detection Using K-means in CIE-Lab Color Space
ICPR '10 Proceedings of the 2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition
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Building facade classification by architectural styles allows categorization of large databases of building images into semantic categories belonging to certain historic periods, regions and cultural influences. Image databases sorted by architectural styles permit effective and fast image search for the purposes of content-based image retrieval, 3D reconstruction, 3D city-modeling, virtual tourism and indexing of cultural heritage buildings. Building facade classification is viewed as a task of classifying separate architectural structural elements, like windows, domes, towers, columns, etc, as every architectural style applies certain rules and characteristic forms for the design and construction of the structural parts mentioned. In the context of building facade architectural style classification the current paper objective is to classify the architectural style of facade windows. Typical windows belonging to Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance/Baroque European main architectural periods are classified. The approach is based on clustering and learning of local features, applying intelligence that architects use to classify windows of the mentioned architectural styles in the training stage.