Temporal difference learning and TD-Gammon
Communications of the ACM
Artificial Intelligence - Chips challenging champions: games, computers and Artificial Intelligence
A chess playing program for the IBM 704
IRE-ACM-AIEE '58 (Western) Proceedings of the May 6-8, 1958, western joint computer conference: contrasts in computers
Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers
IBM Journal of Research and Development
Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers. II: recent progress
IBM Journal of Research and Development
Computational Linguistics
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IBM has a history of achieving seminal results in artificial intelligence, such as the first machine translation program, the first competitive game-playing computer, and the first speech recognition system that addressed the general dictation problem. This paper describes the unique characteristics of IBM that enabled researchers to continuously achieve breakthroughs in artificial intelligence.