Image and watermark registration
Signal Processing
An audio watermarking method using a two-dimensional pseudo-random array
Signal Processing
Discrete Angle Watermark Encoding and Recovery
ICPR '00 Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 4
Time base modulation: a new approach to watermarking audio
ICME '03 Proceedings of the 2003 International Conference on Multimedia and Expo - Volume 2
New Matrices with Good Auto and Cross-Correlation
IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences
Spread-spectrum watermarking of audio signals
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Anti-collusion fingerprinting for multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Forensic analysis of nonlinear collusion attacks for multimedia fingerprinting
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
New optimal low correlation sequences for wireless communications
SETA'12 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Sequences and Their Applications
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Digital fingerprinting is a technique for tracing the distribution of multimedia content, and protecting it from unauthorized manipulation. Unique identification information is embedded into each distributed copy of the signal. In a collusion attack, fingerprints are combined to remove or distort the fingerprints. Audio signals are good candidates for fingerprinting, because of the forgiving nature of the human auditory system to cross-talk between channels. We use principal components of the audio signal to construct an abstract vector space. The fingerprints are ordered rotations in that space. The rotations are determined by arrays with good correlation properties. These arrays are embedded in real audio, and are imperceptible, according to a panel of experts. These fingerprints are resistant to an averaging collusion attack by hundreds or thousands of colluders, and can withstand a worst case RandNeg attack by up to 30 colluders.