A cookbook for using the model-view controller user interface paradigm in Smalltalk-80
Journal of Object-Oriented Programming
Design patterns: elements of reusable object-oriented software
Design patterns: elements of reusable object-oriented software
Pattern-oriented software architecture: a system of patterns
Pattern-oriented software architecture: a system of patterns
Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture: Patterns for Concurrent and Networked Objects
Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture: Patterns for Concurrent and Networked Objects
Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture: Patterns for Resource Management
Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture: Patterns for Resource Management
Understanding Service-Oriented Software
IEEE Software
A taxonomy of variability realization techniques: Research Articles
Software—Practice & Experience
Software Product Line Engineering: Foundations, Principles and Techniques
Software Product Line Engineering: Foundations, Principles and Techniques
Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture: A Pattern Language for Distributed Computing
Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture: A Pattern Language for Distributed Computing
Pattern Oriented Software Architecture: On Patterns and Pattern Languages (Wiley Software Patterns Series)
Turning Software into a Service
Computer
A Software as a Service with Multi-tenancy Support for an Electronic Contract Management Application
SCC '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing - Volume 2
Guidelines for conducting and reporting case study research in software engineering
Empirical Software Engineering
Multi-tenant SaaS applications: maintenance dream or nightmare?
Proceedings of the Joint ERCIM Workshop on Software Evolution (EVOL) and International Workshop on Principles of Software Evolution (IWPSE)
Enabling multi-tenancy: An industrial experience report
ICSM '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance
Native support of multi-tenancy in RDBMS for software as a service
Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Extending Database Technology
Design science in information systems research
MIS Quarterly
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In order to serve a lot of different customers in a SaaS environment, software vendors have to comply to a range of different varying requirements in their software product. Because of these varying requirements and the large number of customers, a variable multitenant solution is needed to achieve this goal. This paper gives a pragmatic approach to the concepts of multi-tenancy and variability in SaaS environments and proposes three architectural patterns that support variability in multi-tenant SaaS environments. The Customizable Data Views pattern, the Module Dependent Menu pattern and the Pre/Post Update Hooks pattern are explained and shown as good practices for applying variability in a multi-tenant SaaS environment. All patterns are based on case studies performed at two large software vendors in the Netherlands who are offering an ERP software product as a service.