Multiple View Geometry in Computer Vision
Multiple View Geometry in Computer Vision
Video Google: A Text Retrieval Approach to Object Matching in Videos
ICCV '03 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Matching Widely Separated Views Based on Affine Invariant Regions
International Journal of Computer Vision
Scale & Affine Invariant Interest Point Detectors
International Journal of Computer Vision
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
A Performance Evaluation of Local Descriptors
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Comparison of Affine Region Detectors
International Journal of Computer Vision
Scalable Recognition with a Vocabulary Tree
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (Information Science and Statistics)
Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (Information Science and Statistics)
Evaluation campaigns and TRECVid
MIR '06 Proceedings of the 8th ACM international workshop on Multimedia information retrieval
Speeded-Up Robust Features (SURF)
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Local invariant feature detectors: a survey
Foundations and Trends® in Computer Graphics and Vision
Hamming Embedding and Weak Geometric Consistency for Large Scale Image Search
ECCV '08 Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Computer Vision: Part I
Descriptive visual words and visual phrases for image applications
MM '09 Proceedings of the 17th ACM international conference on Multimedia
The Pascal Visual Object Classes (VOC) Challenge
International Journal of Computer Vision
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Evaluating Color Descriptors for Object and Scene Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Retrieving landmark and non-landmark images from community photo collections
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
Landmark image retrieval using visual synonyms
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
SymCity: feature selection by symmetry for large scale image retrieval
Proceedings of the 20th ACM international conference on Multimedia
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In this paper, we address the incoherence problem of the visual words in bag-of-words vocabularies. Different from existing work, which assigns words based on closeness in descriptor space, we focus on identifying pairs of independent, distant words - the visual synonyms - that are likely to host image patches of similar visual reality. We focus on landmark images, where the image geometry guides the detection of synonym pairs. Image geometry is used to find those image features that lie in the nearly identical physical location, yet are assigned to different words of the visual vocabulary. Defined in this way, we evaluate the validity of visual synonyms. We also examine the closeness of synonyms in the L2-normalized feature space. We show that visual synonyms may successfully be used for vocabulary reduction. Furthermore, we show that combining the reduced visual vocabularies with synonym augmentation, we perform on par with the state-of-the-art bag-of-words approach, while having a 98% smaller vocabulary.