httperf—a tool for measuring web server performance
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
Formal requirements for virtualizable third generation architectures
Communications of the ACM
Proceedings of the 14th international symposium on Systems synthesis
Real-time dynamic voltage scaling for low-power embedded operating systems
SOSP '01 Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
The design, implementation, and evaluation of a compiler algorithm for CPU energy reduction
PLDI '03 Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2003 conference on Programming language design and implementation
Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Comparison of the three CPU schedulers in Xen
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
Autonomic management policy specification in Tune
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Applied computing
TSB: A DVS algorithm with quick response for general purpose operating systems
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
PCFS: Power Credit Based Fair Scheduler Under DVFS for Muliticore Virtualization Platform
GREENCOM-CPSCOM '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE/ACM Int'l Conference on Green Computing and Communications & Int'l Conference on Cyber, Physical and Social Computing
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Nowadays, virtualization is present in almost all computing infrastructures. Thanks to server consolidation and VM migration, virtualization helps in power reduction. However, modern powerful computers with higher processor frequency, multiple cores and multiple CPUs constitute the main factor contributing to the continuously increase of energy consumption in numerous computing infrastructures. In this context, energy management takes a critical importance. A hardware technology, called Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS), serves to dynamically modify the processor frequency (according to the CPU needs) in order to achieve less energy consumption. However, lowering frequency also generates poor virtual machine (VM) performance. In this paper, we propose a solution consisting of an extended VM scheduler and DVFS, and report some experiments based on this proposal. This enhanced scheduler, according to VM CPU load, dynamically scales processor frequency in order to save energy. The idea is to adapt the current VM scheduler to analyze CPU load, and modify the current processor frequency to the lowest possible, but still support the guaranteed VM performance. The algorithm is designed and simulated on a web server as the sample application and Xen as the virtualization platform. Test results and performance evaluations prove our design and implementation.