Data Gathering Algorithms in Sensor Networks Using Energy Metrics
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
IPDPS '02 Proceedings of the 16th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium
Shortest Path Algorithms: An Evaluation Using Real Road Networks
Transportation Science
Energy-Aware Routing in Cluster-Based Sensor Networks
MASCOTS '02 Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunications Systems
HEED: A Hybrid, Energy-Efficient, Distributed Clustering Approach for Ad Hoc Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
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Wireless sensor networks are composed of a large number of sensors densely deployed in inhospitable physical environments. How to disseminate information energy efficiently throughout such a network is still a challenge. Although energy efficiency is a key concern in wireless sensor networks, it often introduces additional delay. In this work, we first propose an Energy*Delay efficient routing scheme called C2E2S (Cluster and Chain based Energy*Delay Efficient Routing Scheme) for wireless sensor networks. This scheme is a combination of cluster-based and chain-based approaches. Next, we propose (1) an Energy*Delay-aware routing algorithm for sensors within each k-hop cluster, (2) an Energy-efficient chain construction algorithm for clusterheads. We also consider the network lifetime as an important factor as opposed to other approaches. The simulation results show that C2E2S consumes less energy, balances the energy and delay metrics, as well as extends the network lifetime compared with other approaches.