Optimal cover time for a graph-based coupon collector process

  • Authors:
  • Nedialko B. Dimitrov;C. Greg Plaxton

  • Affiliations:
  • University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas;University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas

  • Venue:
  • ICALP'05 Proceedings of the 32nd international conference on Automata, Languages and Programming
  • Year:
  • 2005

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Abstract

In this paper we study the following covering process defined over an arbitrary directed graph. Each node is initially uncovered and is assigned a random integer rank drawn from a suitable range. The process then proceeds in rounds. In each round, a uniformly random node is selected and its lowest-ranked uncovered outgoing neighbor, if any, is covered. We prove that if each node has in-degree $\theta({\it d})$ and out-degree O(d), then with high probability, every node is covered within $O(n+ \frac{n \ {\rm log}\ n}{d})$ rounds, matching a lower bound due to Alon. Alon has also shown that, for a certain class of d-regular expander graphs, the upper bound holds no matter what method is used to choose the uncovered neighbor. In contrast, we show that for arbitrary d-regular graphs, the method used to choose the uncovered neighbor can affect the cover time by more than a constant factor.