Query by humming: musical information retrieval in an audio database
Proceedings of the third ACM international conference on Multimedia
A practical query-by-humming system for a large music database
MULTIMEDIA '00 Proceedings of the eighth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Hierarchical filtering method for content-based music retrieval via acoustic input
MULTIMEDIA '01 Proceedings of the ninth ACM international conference on Multimedia
A Melody-Based Similarity Computation Algorithm for Musical Information
KDEX '99 Proceedings of the 1999 Workshop on Knowledge and Data Engineering Exchange
An Approximate String Matching Algorithm for Content-Based Music Data Retrieval
ICMCS '99 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 2
A music retrieval system based on query-by-singing for karaoke jukebox
AIRS'06 Proceedings of the Third Asia conference on Information Retrieval Technology
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This paper investigates the problem of retrieving popular music by singing. In contrast to the retrieval of MIDI music, which is easy to acquire the main melody by the selection of the symbolic tracks, retrieving polyphonic objects in CD or MP3 format requires to extract the main melody directly from the accompanied singing signals, which proves difficult to handle well simply using the conventional pitch estimation. To reduce the interference of background accompaniments during the main melody extraction, methods are proposed to estimate the underlying sung notes in a music recording by taking into account the characteristic structure of popular song. In addition, to accommodate users’ unprofessional or personal singing styles, methods are proposed to handle the inaccuracies of tempo, pause, transposition, or off-key, etc., inevitably existing in queries. The proposed system has been evaluated on a music database consisting of 2613 phrases extracted manually from 100 Mandarin pop songs. The experimental results indicate the feasibility of retrieving pop songs by singing.