Fast text searching: allowing errors
Communications of the ACM
Query by humming: musical information retrieval in an audio database
Proceedings of the third ACM international conference on Multimedia
A tool for content based navigation of music
MULTIMEDIA '98 Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on Multimedia
An overview of audio information retrieval
Multimedia Systems - Special issue on audio and multimedia
Melodic matching techniques for large music databases
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 1)
Visualizing music and audio using self-similarity
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 1)
Musical content-based retrieval: an overview of the Melodiscov approach and system
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 1)
Let's search for songs by humming!
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 2)
Image classification and querying using composite region templates
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on content-based access for image and video libraries
A Survey on Content-Based Retrieval for Multimedia Databases
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Multiple Inverted Array Structure for Similar Image Retrieval
ICMCS '98 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems
Hierarchical filtering method for content-based music retrieval via acoustic input
MULTIMEDIA '01 Proceedings of the ninth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Content-based retrieval applications on a common database management system
MULTIMEDIA '01 Proceedings of the ninth ACM international conference on Multimedia
A media agent for automatically building a personalized semantic index
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology - Visual based retrieval systems and web mining
Content-based music indexing and organization
SIGIR '02 Proceedings of the 25th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A hierarchical approach: query large music database by acoustic input
SIGIR '02 Proceedings of the 25th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
A singer identification technique for content-based classification of MP3 music objects
Proceedings of the eleventh international conference on Information and knowledge management
Content-based organization and visualization of music archives
Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Efficient acoustic index for music retrieval with various degrees of similarity
Proceedings of the tenth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Query Similar Music by Correlation Degree
PCM '01 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
Pitch Tracking and Melody Slope Matching for Song Retrieval
PCM '01 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
Popular Song Retrieval Based on Singing Matching
PCM '02 Proceedings of the Third IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
Robust Polyphonic Music Retrieval with N-grams
Journal of Intelligent Information Systems
Peer-to-peer architecture for content-based music retrieval on acoustic data
WWW '03 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on World Wide Web
Warping indexes with envelope transforms for query by humming
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Approximate matching algorithms for music information retrieval using vocal input
MULTIMEDIA '03 Proceedings of the eleventh ACM international conference on Multimedia
SIGMOD '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Proceedings of the 1st ACM workshop on Audio and music computing multimedia
Music information retrieval from a singing voice using lyrics and melody information
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Scalable music recommendation by search
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Multimedia
An efficient frequent melody indexing method to improve the performance of query-by-humming systems
Journal of Information Science
Melody Track Selection Using Discriminative Language Model
IEICE - Transactions on Information and Systems
Song search and retrieval by tapping
AAAI'05 Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 4
Music recommendation and query-by-content using self-organizing maps
IJCNN'09 Proceedings of the 2009 international joint conference on Neural Networks
From Keyword Search to Exploration: Designing Future Search Interfaces for the Web
Foundations and Trends in Web Science
FMF: Query adaptive melody retrieval system
Journal of Systems and Software
HCI'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human-computer interaction: intelligent multimodal interaction environments
Recognition and visualization of music sequences using self-organizing feature maps
KI'10 Proceedings of the 33rd annual German conference on Advances in artificial intelligence
Hybrid query by humming and metadata search system (HQMS)
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology
Misual: music visualization based on acoustic data
Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Information Integration and Web-based Applications & Services
Effective content-based music retrieval with pattern-based relevance feedback
KES'11 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Knowledge-based and intelligent information and engineering systems - Volume Part II
Music visualization: predicting the perceived speed of a composition -- misual project --
MM '11 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Colorizing tags in tag cloud: a novel query-by-tag music search system
MM '11 Proceedings of the 19th ACM international conference on Multimedia
A novel melody line identification algorithm for polyphonic MIDI music
MMM'07 Proceedings of the 13th International conference on Multimedia Modeling - Volume Part II
A query-by-singing technique for retrieving polyphonic objects of popular music
AIRS'05 Proceedings of the Second Asia conference on Asia Information Retrieval Technology
A music retrieval system based on query-by-singing for karaoke jukebox
AIRS'06 Proceedings of the Third Asia conference on Information Retrieval Technology
Online music search by tapping
Ambient Intelligence in Everyday Life
Personalization in multimodal music retrieval
AMR'11 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Adaptive Multimedia Retrieval: large-scale multimedia retrieval and evaluation
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A music retrieval system that accepts hummed tunes as queries is described in this paper. This system uses similarity retrieval because a hummed tune may contain errors. The retrieval result is a list of song names ranked according to the closeness of the match. Our ultimate goal is that the correct song should be first on the list. This means that eventually our system's similarity retrieval should allow for only one correct answer.The most significant improvement our system has over general query-by-humming systems is that all processing of musical information is done based on beats instead of notes. This type of query processing is robust against queries generated from erroneous input. In addition, acoustic information is transcribed and converted into relative intervals and is used for making feature vectors. This increases the resolution of the retrieval system compared with other general systems, which use only pitch direction information.The database currently holds over 10,000 songs, and the retrieval time is at most one second. This level of performance is mainly achieved through the use of indices for retrieval. In this paper, we also report on the results of music analyses of the songs in the database. Based on these results, new technologies for improving retrieval accuracy, such as partial feature vectors and or'ed retrieval among multiple search keys, are proposed. The effectiveness of these technologies is evaluated quantitatively, and it is found that the retrieval accuracy increases by more than 20% compared with the previous system [9]. Practical user interfaces for the system are also described.