Query by humming: musical information retrieval in an audio database
Proceedings of the third ACM international conference on Multimedia
Towards the digital music library: tune retrieval from acoustic input
Proceedings of the first ACM international conference on Digital libraries
A tool for content based navigation of music
MULTIMEDIA '98 Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Melodic matching techniques for large music databases
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 1)
Musical content-based retrieval: an overview of the Melodiscov approach and system
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 1)
A practical query-by-humming system for a large music database
MULTIMEDIA '00 Proceedings of the eighth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Warping indexes with envelope transforms for query by humming
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Online mining maximal frequent structures in continuous landmark melody streams
Pattern Recognition Letters
Perceptive analysis of query by singing system through query excerption
Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Computational Science, Engineering and Information Technology
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There have been several query-by-humming techniques developed for music retrivel. The techniques either are error-prone due to the inaccuracy of the hummed query or force the users to hum according to a metronome.This paper presesnts a new slope-based query-by-humming technique, in which the retrivel is robust to the inaccuracy in query and the use of metronome is eliminated. A pitch tracking method is developed to construct the melody curve from a user's humming. The method is robust to the noise in the humming. users are even allowed to sing the melody with lyrics. we use melody curve to represent the melodies of the original songs and the hummed query. And curve features like melody slope pitch range, time duration and note changes in the slopes are extrated from the melody curves. A melody slope matching method has been developed to do music retrivel, in which the melody slopes from a query is matched with the melody slopes for the original songs in the database. Results have shown the pitch tracking method and slope-based feature matching algoriyhms are robust to humming inaccuracy.