A Method for Enforcing Integrability in Shape from Shading Algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Shape from shading
A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
New Constraints on Data-Closeness and Needle Map Consistency for Shape-from-Shading
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
From Few to Many: Illumination Cone Models for Face Recognition under Variable Lighting and Pose
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Computer Vision: A Modern Approach
Computer Vision: A Modern Approach
A model-based method for face shape recovery
IbPRIA'05 Proceedings of the Second Iberian conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis - Volume Part I
Face shape recovery and recognition using a surface gradient based statistical model
CAIP'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computer analysis of images and patterns
Example-based face shape recovery using the zenith angle of the surface normal
MICAI'07 Proceedings of the artificial intelligence 6th Mexican international conference on Advances in artificial intelligence
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We present an experimental analysis of four different ways of constructing three-dimensional statistical models of faces using Cartesian coordinates, namely: height, surface gradient, azimuthal angle and one based on Fourier domain basis functions. We test the ability of each of the models for dealing with information provided by shape-from-shading. Experiments show that representations based on directional information are more robust to noise than representations based on height information. Moreover, the method can be operated using a simple non-exhaustive parameter adjustment procedure and ensures that the recovered surface satisfies the image irradiance equation as a hard constraint subject to integrability conditions.