Time-Memory trade-offs: false alarm detection using checkpoints

  • Authors:
  • Gildas Avoine;Pascal Junod;Philippe Oechslin

  • Affiliations:
  • EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland;Nagravision SA (Kudelski Group), Cheseaux, Switzerland;EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

  • Venue:
  • INDOCRYPT'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Cryptology in India
  • Year:
  • 2005

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Abstract

Since the original publication of Martin Hellman’s cryptanalytic time-memory trade-off, a few improvements on the method have been suggested. In all these variants, the cryptanalysis time decreases with the square of the available memory. However, a large amount of work is wasted during the cryptanalysis process due to so-called “false alarms”. In this paper we present a method of detection of false alarms which significantly reduces the cryptanalysis time while using a minute amount of memory. Our method, based on “checkpoints”, reduces the time by much more than the square of the additional memory used, e.g., an increase of 0.89% of memory yields a 10.99% increase in performance. Beyond this practical improvement, checkpoints constitute a novel approach which has not yet been exploited and may lead to other interesting results. In this paper, we also present theoretical analysis of time-memory trade-offs, and give a complete characterization of the variant based on rainbow tables.