Internet Routing Architectures, Second Edition
Internet Routing Architectures, Second Edition
Introduction to Algorithms
On the correctness of IBGP configuration
Proceedings of the 2002 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Detecting BGP configuration faults with static analysis
NSDI'05 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 2
Modeling the routing of an autonomous system with C-BGP
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
Automating the iBGP organization in large IP networks
CoNEXT '07 Proceedings of the 2007 ACM CoNEXT conference
Preventing the Unnecessary Propagation of BGP Withdraws
NETWORKING '09 Proceedings of the 8th International IFIP-TC 6 Networking Conference
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2009 conference on Data communication
Designing optimal iBGP route-reflection topologies
NETWORKING'08 Proceedings of the 7th international IFIP-TC6 networking conference on AdHoc and sensor networks, wireless networks, next generation internet
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2010 conference
Providing scalable NH-diverse iBGP route re-distribution to achieve sub-second switch-over time
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Impact of routing parameters on route diversity and path inflation
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
BGP add-paths: the scaling/performance tradeoffs
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications - Special issue title on scaling the internet routing system: an interim report
oBGP: an overlay for a scalable iBGP control plane
NETWORKING'11 Proceedings of the 10th international IFIP TC 6 conference on Networking - Volume Part I
Inter-Domain route diversity for the internet
IFIP'12 Proceedings of the 2012 international conference on Networking
Improving network agility with seamless BGP reconfigurations
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Proceedings of the ninth ACM conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies
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Many large ISP networks today rely on route-reflection [1] to allow their iBGP to scale. Route-reflection was officially introduced to limit the number of iBGP sessions, compared to the $\frac{n\times(n-1)}{2}$ sessions required by an iBGP full-mesh. Besides its impact on the number of iBGP sessions, route-reflection has consequences on the diversity of the routes known to the routers inside an AS. In this paper, we quantify the diversity of the BGP routes inside a tier-1 network. Our analysis shows that the use of route-reflection leads to a very poor route diversity compared to an iBGP full-mesh. Most routers inside a tier-1 network know only a single external route in eBGP origin. We identify two causes for this lack of diversity. First, some routes are never selected as best by any router inside the network, but are known only to some border routers. Second, among the routes that are selected as best by at least one other router, a few are selected as best by a majority of the routers, preventing the propagation of many routes inside the AS. We show that the main reason for this diversity loss is how BGP chooses the best routes among those available inside the AS.