A systematic methodology to develop resilient cache coherence protocols
Proceedings of the 44th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
NoCAlert: An On-Line and Real-Time Fault Detection Mechanism for Network-on-Chip Architectures
MICRO-45 Proceedings of the 2012 45th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
Methods for fault tolerance in networks-on-chip
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
uDIREC: unified diagnosis and reconfiguration for frugal bypass of NoC faults
Proceedings of the 46th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
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Extreme transistor technology scaling is causing increasing concerns in device reliability: the expected lifetime of individual transistors in complex chips is quickly decreasing, and the problem is expected to worsen at future technology nodes. With complex designs increasingly relying on Networks-on-Chip (NoCs) for on-chip data transfers, a NoC must continue to operate even in the face of many transistor failures. Specifically, it must be able to reconfigure and reroute packets around faults to enable continued operation, i.e., generate new routing paths to replace the old ones upon a failure. In addition to these reliability requirements, NoCs must maintain low latency and high throughput at very low area budget. In this work, we propose a distributed reconfiguration solution named Ariadne, targeting large, aggressively scaled, unreliable NoCs. Ariadne utilizes up*/down* for fast routing at high bandwidth, and upon any number of concurrent network failures in any location, it reconfigures to discover new resilient paths to connect the surviving nodes. Experimental results show that Ariadne provides a 40%-140% latency improvement (when subject to 50 faults in a 64-node NoC) over other on-chip state-of-the-art fault tolerant solutions, while meeting the low area budget of on-chip routers with an overhead of just 1.97%.