Highly dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers
SIGCOMM '94 Proceedings of the conference on Communications architectures, protocols and applications
A group mobility model for ad hoc wireless networks
MSWiM '99 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international workshop on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
Sending messages to mobile users in disconnected ad-hoc wireless networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Smooth is better than sharp: a random mobility model for simulation of wireless networks
MSWIM '01 Proceedings of the 4th ACM international workshop on Modeling, analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
LANMAR: landmark routing for large scale wireless ad hoc networks with group mobility
MobiHoc '00 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
MSWiM '02 Proceedings of the 5th ACM international workshop on Modeling analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
The Critical Transmitting Range for Connectivity in Sparse Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing
WMCSA '99 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computer Systems and Applications
A delay-tolerant network architecture for challenged internets
Proceedings of the 2003 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Towards mobility as a network control primitive
Proceedings of the 5th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
A message ferrying approach for data delivery in sparse mobile ad hoc networks
Proceedings of the 5th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Routing in a delay tolerant network
Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Adaptive Routing for Intermittently Connected Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
WOWMOM '05 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Symposium on World of Wireless Mobile and Multimedia Networks
Spray and wait: an efficient routing scheme for intermittently connected mobile networks
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Delay-tolerant networking
Message ferry route design for sparse ad hoc networks with mobile nodes
Proceedings of the 7th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Characterization of a Connectivity Measure for Sparse Wireless Multi-hop Networks
ICDCSW '06 Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International ConferenceWorkshops on Distributed Computing Systems
Low-cost communication for rural internet kiosks using mechanical backhaul
Proceedings of the 12th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Exploiting the capture effect for collision detection and recovery
EmNets '05 Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE workshop on Embedded Networked Sensors
Logarithmic Store-Carry-Forward Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Spray and Focus: Efficient Mobility-Assisted Routing for Heterogeneous and Correlated Mobility
PERCOMW '07 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops
DTN routing as a resource allocation problem
Proceedings of the 2007 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Delay and resource analysis in MANETs in presence of throwboxes
Performance Evaluation
Social network analysis for routing in disconnected delay-tolerant MANETs
Proceedings of the 8th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Delay/disruption tolerant mobile ad hoc networks: latest developments: Research Articles
Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing - Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks
A survey on analytic studies of Delay-Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks: Research Articles
Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing - Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks
Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing - Wireless Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks
A survey of practical issues in underwater networks
ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review
Bubble rap: social-based forwarding in delay tolerant networks
Proceedings of the 9th ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Relays, base stations, and meshes: enhancing mobile networks with infrastructure
Proceedings of the 14th ACM international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Achieving Ubiquitous Network Connectivity Using an RFID Tag-Based Routing Protocol
ICPADS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 14th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems
On the energy consumption of Pure and Slotted Aloha based RFID anti-collision protocols
Computer Communications
Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing - Next Generation Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing-Networking Technologies
NECTAR: a DTN routing protocol based on neighborhood contact history
Proceedings of the 2009 ACM symposium on Applied Computing
Predict and relay: an efficient routing in disruption-tolerant networks
Proceedings of the tenth ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
Multicasting in delay tolerant networks: a social network perspective
Proceedings of the tenth ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking and computing
A survey of message diffusion protocols in mobile ad hoc networks
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Performance Evaluation Methodologies and Tools
Wireless heterogeneous transmitter placement using multiobjective variable-length genetic algorithm
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics - Special issue on cybernetics and cognitive informatics
An analytical model for performance evaluation in sparse mobile ad hoc networks
WD'09 Proceedings of the 2nd IFIP conference on Wireless days
A secure and efficient RSU-aided bundle forwarding protocol for vehicular delay tolerant networks
Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing
On Placement of Passive Stationary Relay Points in Delay Tolerant Networking
AINA '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications
A survey and challenges in routing and data dissemination in vehicular ad hoc networks
Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing
Performance of vehicular delay-tolerant networks with relay nodes
Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing
ADIAN: a distributed intelligent ad-hoc network
ICDCN'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Distributed Computing and Networking
Relay-based deployment concepts for wireless and mobile broadband radio
IEEE Communications Magazine
Information dissemination dynamics in delay tolerant network: a bipartite network approach
Proceedings of the third ACM international workshop on Mobile Opportunistic Networks
Modeling message diffusion in epidemical DTN
Ad Hoc Networks
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In this paper, we study the case of a limited number of mobile nodes trying to communicate in a large geographic area, forming a delay/disruption tolerant network (DTN). In such networks the mobile nodes are disconnected for significantly long periods of time. Traditional routing protocols proposed for mobile ad hoc networks or mesh networks, which assume at least one path between each source and destination, are ineffective in DTNs. One approach to improve communication is through gossip based protocols because these protocols do not rely on a fixed path. Another approach is to control the movement of the mobile nodes and/or use special mobile nodes called ferry nodes. Others try to employ a fixed infrastructure including stationary relay points. One scheme in stationary relay point approach is to use base stations as relay points which need their own power supply. In this paper, we study a passive approach where mobile nodes deposit/retrieve messages to/ from known stationary locations in the geographic region. Messages are delivered from a source by being deposited at one or more locations that are later visited by the destination. A proposed implementation of our approach using read/writable passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, one per point location, is considered in this work. Passive RFID technology is desirable because it operates wirelessly and without the need for attached power. Our simulation results indicate that our approach can achieve competitive message delay and delivery rates. We also demonstrate several techniques for optimizing the stationary relay node placement, namely relay pruning, probability based relay distribution and a genetic algorithm; the genetic algorithm is shown to provide the best solutions to this problem.