CONDENSATION—Conditional Density Propagation forVisual Tracking
International Journal of Computer Vision
Digital Image Processing
Contour Tracking by Stochastic Propagation of Conditional Density
ECCV '96 Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Computer Vision-Volume I - Volume I
Learning Dynamics of Complex Motions from Image Sequences
ECCV '96 Proceedings of the 4th European Conference on Computer Vision-Volume I - Volume I
IEEE Transactions on Robotics
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In this paper, we present a new real-time visual servoing unit for laparoscopic surgery. This unit can automatically control a laparoscope manipulator through visual tracking of the laparoscopic surgical tool. For the tracking, we present a two-stage adaptive CONDENSATION (conditional density propagation) algorithm to detect the accurate position of the surgical tool tip from a surgical image sequence in real-time. This algorithm can be adaptable to abrupt changes of illumination. The experimental results show that the proposed visual tracking algorithm is highly robust.