Communications of the ACM
Engineered Communications for Microbial Robotics
DNA '00 Revised Papers from the 6th International Workshop on DNA-Based Computers: DNA Computing
Botanical computing: a developmental approach to generating interconnect topologies on an amorphous computer
Programmable self-assembly: constructing global shape using biologically-inspired local interactions and origami mathematics
Cellular computation and communications using engineered genetic regulatory networks
Cellular computation and communications using engineered genetic regulatory networks
Biologically-inspired self-assembly of two-dimensional shapes using global-to-local compilation
IJCAI'03 Proceedings of the 18th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
Organizing a global coordinate system from local information on an ad hoc sensor network
IPSN'03 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
A Model of an Amorphous Computer and Its Communication Protocol
SOFSEM '07 Proceedings of the 33rd conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science
Computability in Amorphous Structures
CiE '07 Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Computability in Europe: Computation and Logic in the Real World
Computability and non-computability issues in amorphous computing
TCS'12 Proceedings of the 7th IFIP TC 1/WG 202 international conference on Theoretical Computer Science
Amorphous computing: examples, mathematics and theory
Natural Computing: an international journal
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The study of amorphous computing aims to identify useful programming methodologies that will enable us to engineer the emergent behaviour of a myriad, locally interacting computing elements (agents). We anticipate that in order to keep such massively distributed systems cheap, the elements must be bulk manufactured. Therefore, we use a conservative model in which the agents run asynchronously, are interconnected in unknown and possibly time-varying ways, communicate only locally, and are identically programmed. We present a description of this model, and some of the results that have been obtained with it, particularly in the areas of pattern formation and the development of programming languages that are specifically suited to our model. Finally, we briefly describe some of the ongoing efforts in amorphous computing, and we present some of the interesting and important problems that still remain open in amorphous computing.