Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Stability analysis of social foraging swarms
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
Tracking control for multi-agent consensus with an active leader and variable topology
Automatica (Journal of IFAC)
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In this paper, we consider an M -member individual-based continuous-time double integrator swarm model in an n-dimensional space. The swarm model based on the Newton's law is more suitable to describe the swarm aggregation and has wide practical applications. We present stability analysis for the case of linear attraction and bounded repulsion to characterize swarm cohesiveness, size and ultimate motions while in a cohesive group. Finally, some numerical examples and simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the swarm model.