Dynamic cutoff detection in parameterized concurrent programs

  • Authors:
  • Alexander Kaiser;Daniel Kroening;Thomas Wahl

  • Affiliations:
  • Computing Laboratory, Oxford University, United Kingdom;Computing Laboratory, Oxford University, United Kingdom;Computing Laboratory, Oxford University, United Kingdom

  • Venue:
  • CAV'10 Proceedings of the 22nd international conference on Computer Aided Verification
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

We consider the class of finite-state programs executed by an unbounded number of replicated threads communicating via shared variables The thread-state reachability problem for this class is essential in software verification using predicate abstraction While this problem is decidable via Petri net coverability analysis, techniques solely based on coverability suffer from the problem's exponential-space complexity In this paper, we present an alternative method based on a thread-state cutoff: a number n of threads that suffice to generate all reachable thread states We give a condition, verifiable dynamically during reachability analysis for increasing n, that is sufficient to conclude that n is a cutoff We then make the method complete, via a coverability query that is of low cost in practice We demonstrate the efficiency of the approach on Petri net encodings of communication protocols, as well as on non-recursive Boolean programs run by arbitrarily many parallel threads.