The society of mind
Logical foundations of artificial intelligence
Logical foundations of artificial intelligence
Cognitive dimensions of notations
Proceedings of the fifth conference of the British Computer Society, Human-Computer Interaction Specialist Group on People and computers V
Using critics to empower users
CHI '90 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The role of critiquing in cooperative problem solving
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS) - Special issue on computer—human interaction
Using Agentsheets to create a voice dialog design environment
SAC '92 Proceedings of the 1992 ACM/SIGAPP symposium on Applied computing: technological challenges of the 1990's
Beyond the centralized mindset: explorations in massively-parallel microworlds
Beyond the centralized mindset: explorations in massively-parallel microworlds
Agentsheets: a tool for building domain-oriented dynamic, visual environments
Agentsheets: a tool for building domain-oriented dynamic, visual environments
The sciences of the artificial (3rd ed.)
The sciences of the artificial (3rd ed.)
Directing pictures with Art Pals
CHI '95 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems
From domain modeling to collaborative domain construction
Proceedings of the 1st conference on Designing interactive systems: processes, practices, methods, & techniques
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Spatial and temporal metaphors can play an important role in making the task of programming serve problem-solving processes. Visual programming research hopes to capitalize on innate human perceptual skills to make the programming task easier by using visualization to simplify program construction at the syntactic level. Instead, we advocate that the role of visualizations, and the consequent use of spatial metaphors, is not to simplify programming per se but instead to support the problem-solving process. To that end, environments endorsing spatial metaphors should support: creating and changing external representations of the problem, and opportunistic design strategies necessary for exploring problem spaces. We discuss problems with human-computer interaction schemes arising from the use of temporal metaphors. Direct-manipulation, on the one hand, can be too direct for controlling a number of autonomous processes such as cooperating agents. The complete delegation of tasks to agents, on the other hand, can leave users entirely in the role of passive observers. We propose a new approach, called the participatory theater metaphor, which combines the advantages of human computer interaction schemes based on direction manipulation and delegation and provides users with a continuous spectrum of control over their program behaviors.