A dual watermarking technique for images
MULTIMEDIA '99 Proceedings of the seventh ACM international conference on Multimedia (Part 2)
Interword distance changes represented by sine waves for watermarking text images
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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Considering that the binary images are featured little capability in data hiding, difficulty in watermarking embedding and two values, in order to improve the robustness and invisibility of watermarkings embedded into the binary images, a novel algorithm is presented which is based on DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transformation). The original watermarking signal is embedded into the lowest frequency sub-band of the wavelet domain. Combined with the technique of encryption, the extracted invariant pixel distribution features of the binary image establish another layer virtual watermarking and a mapping relationship between the two layer watermarkings. The mapping enables the self-restoration of the original watermarking with virtual watermarking when the binary image is attacked. The watermarking can be well extracted without the original binary image. The invisibility and robustness of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated by the Simulations such as Gaussian noise, JPEG compression and some geometric attacks.