GPS-based Clock Synchronization in a Mobile, Distributed Real-Time System
Real-Time Systems - Special issue on global time in large scale distributed real-time systems, part I
Internet voting: will it spur or corrupt democracy?
Proceedings of the tenth conference on Computers, freedom and privacy: challenging the assumptions
Security considerations for remote electronic voting
Communications of the ACM
Analyzing internet voting security
Communications of the ACM - Voting systems
The SAVE System — Secure Architecture for Voting Electronically
BT Technology Journal
Agile Security Testing of Web-Based Systems via HTTPUnit
ADC '05 Proceedings of the Agile Development Conference
E-voting: Dependability Requirements and Design for Dependability
ARES '06 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security
Electronic voting systems: Requirements, design, and implementation
Computer Standards & Interfaces
A critical analysis of the council of Europe recommendations on e-voting
EVT'06 Proceedings of the USENIX/Accurate Electronic Voting Technology Workshop 2006 on Electronic Voting Technology Workshop
Refinement: A Constructive Approach to Formal Software Design for a Secure e-voting Interface
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS)
Formal verification of tamper-evident storage for e-voting
SEFM '07 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods
Verifiable anonymous vote submission
Proceedings of the 2008 ACM symposium on Applied computing
Analysis of a Distributed e-Voting System Architecture against Quality of Service Requirements
ICSEA '08 Proceedings of the 2008 The Third International Conference on Software Engineering Advances
The case for networked remote voting precincts
EVT'08 Proceedings of the conference on Electronic voting technology
The development of remote e-voting around the world: a review of roads and directions
VOTE-ID'07 Proceedings of the 1st international conference on E-voting and identity
An open extensible tool environment for event-b
ICFEM'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Formal Methods and Software Engineering
Formal analysis of an electronic voting system: An experience report
Journal of Systems and Software
Formal object-oriented development of a voting system test oracle
Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering
Vote casting in any preferred constituency: a new voting channel
Vote-ID'13 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on E-Voting and Identity
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Voting is a critical component of any democratic process; and electronic voting systems should be developed following best practices for critical system development. E-voting has illustrated the importance of formal software engineering in the development of complex systems: poorly engineered and poorly documented voting systems have had serious negative consequences for all system stakeholders. It is clear that the formal verification of e-voting system models would help to address problems associated with certification against standards, and would improve the trustworthiness of the final systems. However, it is not yet clear how best to carry out such formal modelling and verification in order to leverage the compositional nature of the problem, and manage the complexity of the task. The choice of modelling language - for expressing the high level design and architecture of an e-voting system - poses many problems due to the complex mix of requirements that such a system is required to meet. Different modelling languages are more-or-less suited to the verification of different critical requirements. Thus, we report on a mixed model approach: where we address 3 different types of critical requirements using 3 different modelling languages and development strategies. Firstly, we report on network quality-of-service issues that are analyzed through simulation models. Secondly, we report on functional correctness of a counting process that can be validated through algebraic techniques. Finally, we report on the use of formal refinement to reason about the correctness of design steps when adding detail to an architecture model. To conclude, we acknowledge the main problem that arises from such a mixed-model approach to architecture verification: how can we be sure that the different models are coherent when we integrate them in a final implementation?