Personal guidance system for the visually impaired
Assets '94 Proceedings of the first annual ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Assets '96 Proceedings of the second annual ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Wearable interfaces for orientation and wayfinding
Assets '00 Proceedings of the fourth international ACM conference on Assistive technologies
Drishti: An Integrated Navigation System for Visually Impaired and Disabled
ISWC '01 Proceedings of the 5th IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers
Waypoint navigation with a vibrotactile waist belt
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
An Experimental Investigation into Wayfinding Directions for Visually Impaired People
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
RouteCheckr: personalized multicriteria routing for mobility impaired pedestrians
Proceedings of the 10th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Tactile wayfinder: a non-visual support system for wayfinding
Proceedings of the 5th Nordic conference on Human-computer interaction: building bridges
SWAN: System for Wearable Audio Navigation
ISWC '07 Proceedings of the 2007 11th IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers
Haptic handheld wayfinder with pseudo-attraction force for pedestrians with visual impairments
Proceedings of the 11th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Proceedings of the 11th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility
Orienting Kinesthetically: A Haptic Handheld Wayfinder for People with Visual Impairments
ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS)
Usable gestures for blind people: understanding preference and performance
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Combining crowdsourcing and google street view to identify street-level accessibility problems
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A multi-modal communication approach to describing the surroundings to mobile users
W2GIS'13 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems
Evaluation of touch screen vibration accessibility for blind users
Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility
Uncovering information needs for independent spatial learning for users who are visually impaired
Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility
Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility
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Visually impaired pedestrians experience unique challenges when navigating an urban environment because many cues about orientation and traffic patterns are difficult to ascertain without the use of vision. Technological aids such as customized GPS navigation tools offer the chance to augment visually impaired pedestrians' sensory information with a richer depiction of an environment, but care must be taken to balance the need for more information with other demands on the senses. In this paper, we focus on the information needs of visually impaired pedestrians at intersections, which present a specific cause of stress when navigating in unfamiliar locations. We present a navigation application prototype called CrossingGuard that provides rich information to a user such as details about intersection geometry that are not available to visually impaired pedestrians today. A user study comparing content-rich information to a baseline condition shows that content-rich information raises the level of comfort that visually impaired pedestrians feel at unfamiliar intersections. In addition, we discuss the categories of information that are most useful. Finally, we introduce a micro-task approach to gather intersection data via Street View annotations that achieves 85.5% accuracy over the 9 categories of information used by CrossingGuard.