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On optimal frequency-domain multichannel linear filtering for noise reduction
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IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
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WiCOM'09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Wireless communications, networking and mobile computing
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On widely linear Wiener and tradeoff filters for noise reduction
Speech Communication
LVA/ICA'10 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Latent variable analysis and signal separation
Modulation-domain Kalman filtering for single-channel speech enhancement
Speech Communication
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Digital Signal Processing
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International Journal of Speech Technology
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PCM'12 Proceedings of the 13th Pacific-Rim conference on Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
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Speech Communication
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Proceeding of the 11th annual international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Computers in Biology and Medicine
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The problem of noise reduction has attracted a considerable amount of research attention over the past several decades. Among the numerous techniques that were developed, the optimal Wiener filter can be considered as one of the most fundamental noise reduction approaches, which has been delineated in different forms and adopted in various applications. Although it is not a secret that the Wiener filter may cause some detrimental effects to the speech signal (appreciable or even significant degradation in quality or intelligibility), few efforts have been reported to show the inherent relationship between noise reduction and speech distortion. By defining a speech-distortion index to measure the degree to which the speech signal is deformed and two noise-reduction factors to quantify the amount of noise being attenuated, this paper studies the quantitative performance behavior of the Wiener filter in the context of noise reduction. We show that in the single-channel case the a posteriori signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) (defined after the Wiener filter) is greater than or equal to the a priori SNR (defined before the Wiener filter), indicating that the Wiener filter is always able to achieve noise reduction. However, the amount of noise reduction is in general proportional to the amount of speech degradation. This may seem discouraging as we always expect an algorithm to have maximal noise reduction without much speech distortion. Fortunately, we show that speech distortion can be better managed in three different ways. If we have some a priori knowledge (such as the linear prediction coefficients) of the clean speech signal, this a priori knowledge can be exploited to achieve noise reduction while maintaining a low level of speech distortion. When no a priori knowledge is available, we can still achieve a better control of noise reduction and speech distortion by properly manipulating the Wiener filter, resulting in a suboptimal Wiener filter. In case that we have multi- - ple microphone sensors, the multiple observations of the speech signal can be used to reduce noise with less or even no speech distortion