Links Between Markov Models and Multilayer Perceptrons
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Cepstral domain segmental feature vector normalization for noise robust speech recognition
Speech Communication - Special issue on robust speech recognition
The Hierarchical Hidden Markov Model: Analysis and Applications
Machine Learning
Connectionist Speech Recognition: A Hybrid Approach
Connectionist Speech Recognition: A Hybrid Approach
A Tutorial on Support Vector Machines for Pattern Recognition
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
Experiments in Speaker Normalisation and Adaptation for Large Vocabulary Speech Recognition
ICASSP '97 Proceedings of the 1997 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP '97)-Volume 2 - Volume 2
Pattern Classification (2nd Edition)
Pattern Classification (2nd Edition)
Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (Information Science and Statistics)
Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (Information Science and Statistics)
A vector Taylor series approach for environment-independent speech recognition
ICASSP '96 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1996. on Conference Proceedings., 1996 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02
Temporal patterns (TRAPs) in ASR of noisy speech
ICASSP '99 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 01
Buried Markov models for speech recognition
ICASSP '99 Proceedings of the Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1999. on 1999 IEEE International Conference - Volume 02
A new look at discriminative training for hidden Markov models
Pattern Recognition Letters
Using multiple acoustic feature sets for speech recognition
Speech Communication
Dynamic Bayesian networks for audio-visual speech recognition
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
A new approach for the adaptation of HMMs to reverberation and background noise
Speech Communication
The application of hidden Markov models in speech recognition
Foundations and Trends in Signal Processing
Pattern Recognition Letters
Efficient likelihood evaluation and dynamic Gaussian selection for HMM-based speech recognition
Computer Speech and Language
Continuously variable duration hidden Markov models for automatic speech recognition
Computer Speech and Language
Discriminative training of HMMs for automatic speech recognition: A survey
Computer Speech and Language
A study on the generalization capability of acoustic models for robust speech recognition
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Dual stream speech recognition using articulatory syllable models
International Journal of Speech Technology
Linear discriminant analysis for improved large vocabulary continuous speech recognition
ICASSP'92 Proceedings of the 1992 IEEE international conference on Acoustics, speech and signal processing - Volume 1
Tandem connectionist feature extraction for conversational speech recognition
MLMI'04 Proceedings of the First international conference on Machine Learning for Multimodal Interaction
Combining Spectral Representations for Large-Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
New insights into the noise reduction Wiener filter
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Minimum phone error training of precision matrix models
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Template-Based Continuous Speech Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Large margin hidden Markov models for speech recognition
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing
Filterbank optimization for robust ASR using GA and PSO
International Journal of Speech Technology
Integration of multiple acoustic and language models for improved Hindi speech recognition system
International Journal of Speech Technology
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In automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, hidden Markov models (HMMs) have been widely used for modeling the temporal speech signal. As discussed in Part I, the conventional acoustic models used for ASR have many drawbacks like weak duration modeling and poor discrimination. This paper (Part II) presents a review on the techniques which have been proposed in literature for the refinements of standard HMM methods to cope with their limitations. Current advancements related to this topic are also outlined. The approaches emphasized in this part of review are connectionist approach, explicit duration modeling, discriminative training and margin based estimation methods. Further, various challenges and performance issues such as environmental variability, tied mixture modeling, and handling of distant speech signals are analyzed along with the directions for future research.