Outage analysis of the hybrid free-space optical and radio-frequency channel
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications - Special issue on optical wireless communications
Outage probability of the free-space optical channel with doubly stochastic scintillation
IEEE Transactions on Communications
Performance analysis of MIMO free-space optical systems in Gamma-Gamma fading
IEEE Transactions on Communications
Alamouti coding for indoor optical wireless communications using ACO-OFDM
Asilomar'09 Proceedings of the 43rd Asilomar conference on Signals, systems and computers
On space-time coding for free-space optical systems
IEEE Transactions on Communications
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The main drawback in communicating via the free space optical (FSO) channel is the detrimental effect the atmosphere has on a propagating laser beam. Atmospheric turbulence causes random fluctuations in the irradiance of the received optical laser beam, commonly referred to as scintillation. This paper investigates the use of multiple lasers and multiple apertures to mitigate the effects of scintillation. In particular, the FSO multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel with Q-ary pulse position modulation (QPPM) and transmit repetition under the assumption of non-ideal photodetection is analyzed in terms of its uncoded bit error rate (BER) and ergodic channel capacity. This analysis is based, in part, on the use of irradiance fluctuation samples that were obtained from a laser range experiment that was conducted in the presence of moderate turbulence conditions. Expressions are derived for the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) of a received bit, uncoded BER and ergodic capacity. Using these results it is shown that large gains are possible with the use of MIMO combined with strong coding techniques.