Efficient general print-scanning resilient data hiding based on uniform log-polar mapping
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Digital Image Authentication: A Review
International Journal of Digital Library Systems
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In this paper, the watermarking channel is modeled as a generalized channel with fading and nonzero mean additive noise. In order to improve the watermark robustness against the generalized channel, we present an optimized watermark extraction scheme by using an adaptive receiver for quantization-based watermarking. In the proposed extraction scheme, we adaptively estimate the decision zone of the binary data bits and the quantization step size. A training sequence is embedded into the original image together with the informative watermark. The estimation of the decision zone takes advantage of the response function of the training sequence. Compared to those watermarking schemes without receiver adaptation, the main improvement is the enhanced robustness against median filtering, image intensity Direct Current (DC) change, histogram equalization, color reduction, image intensity linear scaling, image intensity nonlinear scaling such as Gamma correction etc.