Modular specifications in process algebra with curious queues
Algebraic methods: theory, tools and applications
A Practical Secret Voting Scheme for Large Scale Elections
ASIACRYPT '92 Proceedings of the Workshop on the Theory and Application of Cryptographic Techniques: Advances in Cryptology
Coercion-Resistance and Receipt-Freeness in Electronic Voting
CSFW '06 Proceedings of the 19th IEEE workshop on Computer Security Foundations
Verifying privacy-type properties of electronic voting protocols
Journal of Computer Security
Analysis of an electronic voting protocol in the applied pi calculus
ESOP'05 Proceedings of the 14th European conference on Programming Languages and Systems
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Having a doubtless election in the information technology era requires satisfaction and verification of security properties in electronic voting (e-voting) systems. This paper focuses on verification of authentication-type properties of an e-voting protocol. The well-known FOO92 e-voting protocol is analyzed, as a case study, against the uniqueness and eligibility properties and their satisfaction are verified. By means of an automated formal approach, the protocol is modelled in the mCRL2 language, which is a combination of the ACP process algebra language and abstract data types (ADT). Then, the eligibility and uniqueness properties as two authentication-type requirements are modelled in the modal µ-calculus. These are given to a combination of dedicated mCRL2 tools to verify the properties. Our research is valuable due to its direct modelling of authentication-type properties and their verification. The experiment can be easily generalized as a pattern for verification of similar protocols.