An attack on the Needham-Schroeder public-key authentication protocol
Information Processing Letters
Mobile values, new names, and secure communication
POPL '01 Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages
A Practical Secret Voting Scheme for Large Scale Elections
ASIACRYPT '92 Proceedings of the Workshop on the Theory and Application of Cryptographic Techniques: Advances in Cryptology
An Efficient Cryptographic Protocol Verifier Based on Prolog Rules
CSFW '01 Proceedings of the 14th IEEE workshop on Computer Security Foundations
Formal Analysis of Multi-Party Contract Signing
CSFW '04 Proceedings of the 17th IEEE workshop on Computer Security Foundations
A Theory of Dictionary Attacks and its Complexity
CSFW '04 Proceedings of the 17th IEEE workshop on Computer Security Foundations
Deciding Knowledge in Security Protocols under (Many More) Equational Theories
CSFW '05 Proceedings of the 18th IEEE workshop on Computer Security Foundations
Hiding names: private authentication in the applied pi calculus
ISSS'02 Proceedings of the 2002 Mext-NSF-JSPS international conference on Software security: theories and systems
A resolution strategy for verifying cryptographic protocols with CBC encryption and blind signatures
PPDP '05 Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Principles and practice of declarative programming
CONCUR 2005 - Concurrency Theory
Data Anonymity in the FOO Voting Scheme
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS)
Epistemic Verification of Anonymity
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS)
Deciding knowledge in security protocols under equational theories
Theoretical Computer Science - Automated reasoning for security protocol analysis
Knowledge-based modelling of voting protocols
TARK '07 Proceedings of the 11th conference on Theoretical aspects of rationality and knowledge
Analyzing an Electronic Cash Protocol Using Applied Pi Calculus
ACNS '07 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Applied Cryptography and Network Security
Specification of Electronic Voting Protocol Properties Using ADM Logic: FOO Case Study
ICICS '08 Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information and Communications Security
Analysis of a Biometric Authentication Protocol for Signature Creation Application
IWSEC '08 Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Security: Advances in Information and Computer Security
On Backward-Style Anonymity Verification
IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences
Bisimulation for Demonic Schedulers
FOSSACS '09 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures: Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2009
ISPEC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Information Security Practice and Experience
Formal Aspects in Security and Trust
Knowledge Aware Bisimulation and Anonymity
ICCS '09 Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computational Science: Part I
A Proof Theoretic Analysis of Intruder Theories
RTA '09 Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Rewriting Techniques and Applications
Models and Proofs of Protocol Security: A Progress Report
CAV '09 Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
Verifying privacy-type properties of electronic voting protocols
Journal of Computer Security
Probabilistic and nondeterministic aspects of anonymity
Theoretical Computer Science
Formal Analysis of the Estonian Mobile-ID Protocol
NordSec '09 Proceedings of the 14th Nordic Conference on Secure IT Systems: Identity and Privacy in the Internet Age
Verifying Anonymous Credential Systems in Applied Pi Calculus
CANS '09 Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Cryptology and Network Security
Static Validation of a Voting Protocol
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS)
Development, formal verification, and evaluation of an E-voting system with VVPAT
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security - Special issue on electronic voting
Prêt à voter: a voter-verifiable voting system
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security - Special issue on electronic voting
Approximation-based tree regular model-checking
Nordic Journal of Computing
A framework for automatically checking anonymity with µCRL
TGC'06 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Trustworthy global computing
Symbolic bisimulation for the applied Pi calculus
FSTTCS'07 Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Foundations of software technology and theoretical computer science
Normal proofs in intruder theories
ASIAN'06 Proceedings of the 11th Asian computing science conference on Advances in computer science: secure software and related issues
Verification of integrity and secrecy properties of a biometric authentication protocol
ISPEC'08 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Information security practice and experience
Security protocols: principles and calculi tutorial notes
Foundations of security analysis and design IV
Managing Requirements for E-Voting Systems: Issues and Approaches
RE-VOTE '09 Proceedings of the 2009 First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for e-Voting Systems
Symbolic bisimulation for the applied pi calculus
Journal of Computer Security - Security Issues in Concurrency (SecCo'07)
A pure labeled transition semantics for the applied pi calculus
Information Sciences: an International Journal
Identity Escrow Protocol and Anonymity Analysis in the Applied Pi-Calculus
ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)
Computational soundness of symbolic zero-knowledge proofs
Journal of Computer Security - 7th International Workshop on Issues in the Theory of Security (WITS'07)
A model for system-based analysis of voting systems
Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Security protocols
Analysis of a receipt-free auction protocol in the applied pi calculus
FAST'10 Proceedings of the 7th International conference on Formal aspects of security and trust
Procedural security analysis: A methodological approach
Journal of Systems and Software
Formal analysis of an electronic voting system: An experience report
Journal of Systems and Software
Anonymity, Privacy, Onymity, and Identity: A Modal Logic Approach
Transactions on Data Privacy
Adapting helios for provable ballot privacy
ESORICS'11 Proceedings of the 16th European conference on Research in computer security
A secure internet voting scheme
ICA3PP'11 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Algorithms and architectures for parallel processing - Volume Part II
Analysing the MUTE anonymous file-sharing system using the pi-calculus
FORTE'06 Proceedings of the 26th IFIP WG 6.1 international conference on Formal Techniques for Networked and Distributed Systems
Computing Knowledge in Security Protocols Under Convergent Equational Theories
Journal of Automated Reasoning
SeVe: automatic tool for verification of security protocols
Frontiers of Computer Science in China
A threat analysis of prêt à voter
Towards Trustworthy Elections
Formal analysis of privacy for anonymous location based services
TOSCA'11 Proceedings of the 2011 international conference on Theory of Security and Applications
Decidability and Combination Results for Two Notions of Knowledge in Security Protocols
Journal of Automated Reasoning
Vote-independence: a powerful privacy notion for voting protocols
FPS'11 Proceedings of the 4th Canada-France MITACS conference on Foundations and Practice of Security
Formal verification of authentication-type properties of an electronic voting protocol using mCRL2
VECoS'10 Proceedings of the Fourth international conference on Verification and Evaluation of Computer and Communication Systems
Security protocol verification: symbolic and computational models
POST'12 Proceedings of the First international conference on Principles of Security and Trust
Towards verifying voter privacy through unlinkability
ESSoS'13 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Engineering Secure Software and Systems
POST'13 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Principles of Security and Trust
Vote-ID'13 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on E-Voting and Identity
Attacking and fixing Helios: An analysis of ballot secrecy
Journal of Computer Security
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Electronic voting promises the possibility of a convenient, efficient and secure facility for recording and tallying votes in an election. Recently highlighted inadequacies of implemented systems have demonstrated the importance of formally verifying the underlying voting protocols. The applied pi calculus is a formalism for modelling such protocols, and allows us to verify properties by using automatic tools, and to rely on manual proof techniques for cases that automatic tools are unable to handle. We model a known protocol for elections known as FOO 92 in the applied pi calculus, and we formalise three of its expected properties, namely fairness, eligibility, and privacy. We use the ProVerif tool to prove that the first two properties are satisfied. In the case of the third property, ProVerif is unable to prove it directly, because its ability to prove observational equivalence between processes is not complete. We provide a manual proof of the required equivalence.