Diagnosis of gastric carcinoma by classification on feature projections

Authors:
H. Altay Güvenir;Narin Emeksiz;Nazlı Ikizler;Necati Örmeci
Affiliations:
Computer Engineering Department, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey;Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, Ankara, Turkey;Computer Engineering Department, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey;Medical School, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
Venue:
Artificial Intelligence in Medicine
Year:
2004

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Abstract

A new classification algorithm, called benefit maximizing classifier on feature projections (BCFP), is developed and applied to the problem of diagnosis of gastric carcinoma. The domain contains records of patients with known diagnosis through gastroscopy results. Given a training set of such records, the BCFP classifier learns how to differentiate a new case in the domain. BCFP represents a concept in the form of feature projections on each feature dimension separately. Classification in the BCFP algorithm is based on a voting among the individual predictions made on each feature. In the gastric carcinoma domain, a lesion can be an indicator of one of nine different levels of gastric carcinoma, from early to late stages. The benefit of correct classification of early levels is much more than that of late cases. Also, the costs of wrong classifications are not symmetric. In the training phase, the BCFP algorithm learns classification rules that maximize the benefit of classification. In the querying phase, using these rules, the BCFP algorithm tries to make a prediction maximizing the benefit. A genetic algorithm is applied to select the relevant features. The performance of the BCFP algorithm is evaluated in terms of accuracy and running time. The rules induced are verified by experts of the domain.