An introduction to photonic switching fabrics
An introduction to photonic switching fabrics
On-line Algorithms for Path Selectionin a Nonblocking Network
SIAM Journal on Computing
Tolerating Multiple Faults in Multistage Interconnection Networks with Minimal Extra Stages
IEEE Transactions on Computers
The Extra Stage Cube: A Fault-Tolerant Interconnection Network for Supersystems
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Expanders might be practical: fast algorithms for routing around faults on multibutterflies
SFCS '89 Proceedings of the 30th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Architectures and protocols that enable new applications on optical networks
IEEE Communications Magazine
The Lucent LambdaRouter: MEMS technology of the future here today
IEEE Communications Magazine
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In this paper, we present an enhanced fault tolerance in large-scale optical switches through innovations in architecture and control logic design. A large-scale switch is constructed from a network of 2x2 optical switch elements (SEs). Classic switch network architectures, such as the Benes, are not designed with fault tolerance in mind. There are three major contributions in this paper: (1) we developed an analytical method, referred to as the probability accumulation method, to calculate the average connection blocking probability in a faulty switch network; (2) we provided a failure-aware routing algorithm to effectively circumvent connections from defected SEs in a dilated Benes switch; and (3) we improved the connectivity pattern of the Benes network to further reduce the blocking probability, especially when the SE failure rate is low.