Paradigm shift in document related frauds: Characteristics identification for development of a non-destructive automated system for printed documents

  • Authors:
  • Gaurav Gupta;Chandan Mazumdar;M. S. Rao;R. B. Bhosale

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Centre for Distributed Computing, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Centre for Distributed Computing, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;Directorate of Forensic Science, Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India, Block No. 9, 8th Floor, C.G.O. Complex, New Delhi 110003, India;Government Examiner of Questioned Documents, Directorate of Forensic Science, Ministry of Home Affairs, Govt. of India, Ramanthapur, Hyderabad 500003, India

  • Venue:
  • Digital Investigation: The International Journal of Digital Forensics & Incident Response
  • Year:
  • 2006

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Abstract

In today's advanced and highly changing technological environment, the question of authorship of a document often transcends to the more traditional means of inscription. It now needs to be looked into from the perspective of involvement of complex digital technologies comprising Computer Systems, Software Programs, Scanners and Printers. The impact and threat of Digitized Document Frauds like counterfeiting of currency, stamps, judicial papers, educational certificates, degrees, cheques, will, property papers, licenses, security passes, badges, immigration and visa documents including the fraudulent generation of, or alteration in, commonly used documents on the economy and society are inevitable and growing; hence our Forensic Readiness is crucial. This work identifies the peculiar characteristics for the development of a non-destructive automated system for efficiently detecting and fixing the origin of the questioned documents by linking them to the scanner and printer used. This in turn may help establish the authorship of the questioned documents. This work is the first general experimental study for investigating Digitized Document Frauds in a forensically sound manner in the light of Locard's principle of information exchange, individuality principle, cause-effect principle and the principle of comparison.