A survey of statistical source models for variable-bit-rate compressed video
Multimedia Systems - Special issue on video content based retrieval
Modeling heterogeneous network traffic in wavelet domain
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
A medium access control protocol for real time video over high latency satellite channels
Mobile Networks and Applications
Effective bandwidth estimation and testing for Markov sources
Performance Evaluation
Subexponential loss rates in a GI/GI/1 queue with applications
Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications
Finite buffer queue with generalized processor sharing and heavy-tailed input processes
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Special issue: Advances in modeling and engineering of Longe-Range dependent traffic
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Special issue: Advances in modeling and engineering of Longe-Range dependent traffic
Performance evaluation of an adaptive-rate MPEG encoder matching intserv traffic constraints
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
A Practical Model for VBR Video Traffic with Applications
MMNS '01 Proceedings of the 4th IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Management of Multimedia Networks and Services: Management of Multimedia on the Internet
Life after Video Coding Standards: Rate Shaping and Error Concealment
VISUAL '02 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Recent Advances in Visual Information Systems
Multiplexing On-Off Sources with Subexponential On Periods: Part I
INFOCOM '97 Proceedings of the INFOCOM '97. Sixteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies. Driving the Information Revolution
On the Temporal Characteristics of Video Traffic
LCN '01 Proceedings of the 26th Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks
Queueing networks approach for bandwidth estimation of smoothed VBR video streams
Performance Evaluation
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Fundamental calculus on generalized stochastically bounded bursty traffic for communication networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Modulated Branching Processes, Origins of Power Laws, and Queueing Duality
Mathematics of Operations Research
Cross-layer quality-based resource reservation for scalable multimedia
Computer Communications
Shifting-level process as a LRD video traffic model and related queuing results
Computer Communications
Constructing a correlated sequence of matrix exponentials with invariant first-order properties
Operations Research Letters
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Guided by the empirical observation that real-time MPEG video streams exhibit both multiple time scale and subexponential characteristics, we construct a video model that captures both of these characteristics and is amenable to queueing analysis. We investigate two fundamental approaches for extracting the model parameters: using sample path and second-order statistics-based methods. The model exhibits the following two canonical queueing behaviors. When strict stability conditions are satisfied, i.e., the conditional mean of each scene is smaller than the capacity of the server, precise modeling of the interscene dynamics (long-term dependency) is not essential for the accurate prediction of small to moderately large queue sizes. In this case, the queue length distribution is determined using quasistationary (perturbation theory) analysis. When weak stability conditions are satisfied, i.e., the conditional mean of at least one scene type is greater than the capacity of the server, the dominant effect for building a large queue size is the subexponential (long-tailed) scene length distribution. In this case, precise modeling of intrascene statistics is of secondary importance for predicting the large queueing behavior. A fluid model, whose arrival process is obtained from the video data by replacing scene statistics with their means, is shown to asymptotically converge to the exact queue distribution. Using the transition scenario of moving from one stability region to the other by a change in the value of the server capacity, we synthesize recent queueing theoretic advances and ad hoc results in video modeling, and unify a broad range of seemingly contradictory experimental observations found in the literature. As a word of caution for the widespread usage of second-order statistics modeling methods, we construct two processes with the same second-order statistics that produce distinctly different queueing behaviors