MPEG: a video compression standard for multimedia applications
Communications of the ACM - Special issue on digital multimedia systems
Overview of the p×64 kbit/s video coding standard
Communications of the ACM - Special issue on digital multimedia systems
Modeling and analysis of a variable bit rate video multiplexer
IEEE INFOCOM '92 Proceedings of the eleventh annual joint conference of the IEEE computer and communications societies on One world through communications (Vol. 2)
A histogram-based model for video traffic behavior in an ATM multiplexer
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
On the self-similar nature of Ethernet traffic (extended version)
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Methods for performance evaluation of VBR video traffic models
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Analysis, modeling and generation of self-similar VBR video traffic
SIGCOMM '94 Proceedings of the conference on Communications architectures, protocols and applications
Modeling and simulation of self-similar variable bit rate compressed video: a unified approach
SIGCOMM '95 Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
TEStool: a visual interactive environment for modeling autocorrelated time series
Performance Evaluation - Special issue: performance modeling tools
Source models for VBR broadcast-video traffic
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
What are the implications of long-range dependence for VBR-video traffic engineering?
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
On the characterization of VBR MPEG streams
SIGMETRICS '97 Proceedings of the 1997 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
An Overview of Tes Processes and Modeling Methodology
Performance Evaluation of Computer and Communication Systems, Joint Tutorial Papers of Performance '93 and Sigmetrics '93
Performance of packet video with combined error recovery and concealment
INFOCOM '95 Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communication Societies (Vol. 2)-Volume - Volume 2
On resource management and QoS guarantees for long range dependent traffic
INFOCOM '95 Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communication Societies (Vol. 2)-Volume - Volume 2
The effect of multiple time scales and subexponentiality in MPEG video streams on queueing behavior
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Scheduling and Optimization of the Delivery of Multimedia Streams Using Query Scripts
Multimedia Tools and Applications
On Probability Density for Modeling Video Traffic
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems
Adaptive Video Multicast over the Internet
IEEE MultiMedia
Autoregressive video conference models
International Journal of Network Management
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
A multimedia traffic modeling framework for simulation-based performance evaluation studies
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Special issue: Network modelling and simulation
VBR video traffic modeling and synthetic data generation using GA-optimized Volterra filters
International Journal of Network Management
Markovian Characterisation of H.264/SVC Scalable Video
ASMTA '08 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Analytical and Stochastic Modeling Techniques and Applications
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
A comparison of AR full motion video traffic models in B-ISDN
Computers and Electrical Engineering
MPEG-4 FGS video traffic model and its application in simulations for layered video multicast
PCM'05 Proceedings of the 6th Pacific-Rim conference on Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - Volume Part II
Assessment of a vulnerability in iterative servers enabling low-rate dos attacks
ESORICS'06 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Research in Computer Security
A genetic approach to Markovian characterisation of H.264 scalable video
Multimedia Tools and Applications
AR-based quadratic modeling for GOP MPEG-encoded video traffic in ATM networks
Computer Communications
Joint source and sending rate modeling in adaptive video streaming
Image Communication
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It is predicted that, in the near future, the transport of compressed video will pervade computer networks. Variable-bit-rate (VBR) encoded video is expected to become a significant source of network traffic, due to its advantages in statistical multiplexing gain and consistent video quality. Both systems analysts and developers need to assess and study the impact these sources will have on their networks and networking products. To this end, suitable statistical source models are required to analyze performance metrics such as packet loss, delay and jitter. This paper provides a survey of VBR source models which can be used to drive network simulations. The models are categorized into four groups: Markov chain/linear regression, TES, self-similar and i.i.d/analytical. We present models which have been used for VBR sources containing moderate-to-significant scene changes and moderate-to-full motion. A description of each model is given along with corresponding advantages and shortcomings. Comparisons are made based on the complexity of each model.