Pythagorean-hodograph curves in Euclidean spaces of dimension greater than 3

  • Authors:
  • Takis Sakkalis;Rida T. Farouki

  • Affiliations:
  • Mathematics Laboratory, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, Athens 11855, Greece;Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA

  • Venue:
  • Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

A polynomial Pythagorean-hodograph (PH) curve r(t)=(x"1(t),...,x"n(t)) in R^n is characterized by the property that its derivative components satisfy the Pythagorean condition x"1^'^2(t)+...+x"n^'^2(t)=@s^2(t) for some polynomial @s(t), ensuring that the arc length s(t)=@!@s(t)dt is simply a polynomial in the curve parameter t. PH curves have thus far been extensively studied in R^2 and R^3, by means of the complex-number and the quaternion or Hopf map representations, and the basic theory and algorithms for their practical construction and analysis are currently well-developed. However, the case of PH curves in R^n for n3 remains largely unexplored, due to difficulties with the characterization of Pythagorean (n+1)-tuples when n3. Invoking recent results from number theory, we characterize the structure of PH curves in dimensions n=5 and n=9, and investigate some of their properties.