Chosen-prefix collisions for MD5 and applications

  • Authors:
  • Marc Stevens;Arjen K. Lenstra;Benne De Weger

  • Affiliations:
  • Cryptology Group, CWI, P.O. Box 94079, 1090 GB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.;Laboratory for Cryptologic Algorithms, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 14, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.;EiPSI, Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, TU Eindhoven, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands

  • Venue:
  • International Journal of Applied Cryptography
  • Year:
  • 2012

Quantified Score

Hi-index 0.00

Visualization

Abstract

We present a novel, automated way to find differential paths for MD5. Its main application is in the construction of chosen-prefix collisions. We have shown how, at an approximate expected cost of 239 calls to the MD5 compression function, for any two chosen message prefixes P and P′, suffixes S and S′ can be constructed such that the concatenated values P||S and P′||S′ collide under MD5. The practical attack potential of this construction of chosen-prefix collisions is of greater concern than the MD5-collisions that were published before. This is illustrated by a pair of MD5-based X.509 certificates one of which was signed by a commercial Certification Authority (CA) as a legitimate website certificate, while the other one is a certificate for a rogue CA that is entirely under our control (cf. http://www.win.tue.nl/hashclash/rogue-ca/). Other examples, such as MD5-colliding executables, are presented as well. More details can be found on http://www.win.tue.nl/hashclash/ChosenPrefixCollisions/.