Pupillary responses to emotionally provocative stimuli
ETRA '00 Proceedings of the 2000 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Stated choice methods: analysis and application
Stated choice methods: analysis and application
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Uncertainty and Information: Foundations of Generalized Information Theory
Uncertainty and Information: Foundations of Generalized Information Theory
Moments and Moment Invariants in Pattern Recognition
Moments and Moment Invariants in Pattern Recognition
NeuroPhone: brain-mobile phone interface using a wireless EEG headset
Proceedings of the second ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Networking, systems, and applications on mobile handhelds
A user study of visualization effectiveness using EEG and cognitive load
EuroVis'11 Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics / IEEE - VGTC conference on Visualization
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
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Choice conjures the idea of a directed selection of a desirable action or object, motivated by internal likes and dislikes, or other such preferences. However, such internal processes are simply the domain of our human physiology. Understanding the physiological processes of decision making across a variety of contexts is a central aim in decision science as it has a great potential to further progress decision research. As a pilot study in this field, this paper explores the nature of decision making by examining the associated brain activity, Electroencephalogram (EEG), of people to understand how the brain responds while undertaking choices designed to elicit the subjects' preferences. To facilitate such a study, the Tobii-Studio eye tracker system was utilized to capture the participants' choice based preferences when they were observing seventy-two sets of objects. These choice sets were composed of three images offering potential personal computer backgrounds. Choice based preferences were identified by having the respondent click on their preferred one. In addition, a brain computer interface (BCI) represented by the commercial Emotiv EPOC wireless EEG headset with 14 channels was utilized to capture the associated brain activity during the period of the experiments. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was utilized to preprocess the EEG data before analyzing it with the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to observe the changes in the main principal frequency bands, delta (0.5-4Hz), theta (4-7Hz), alpha (8-12Hz), beta (13-30Hz), and gamma (30-40Hz). A mutual information (MI) measure was then used to study left-to-right hemisphere differences as well as front-to-back difference. Eighteen participants were recruited to perform the experiments with the average results showing clear and significant change in the spectral activity in the frontal (F3 and F4), parietal (P7 and P8) and occipital (O1 and O2) areas while the participants were indicating their preferences. The results show that, when considering the amount of information exchange between the left and right hemispheres, theta bands exhibited minimal redundancy and maximum relevance to the task at hand when extracted from symmetric frontal, parietal, and occipital regions while alpha dominated in the frontal and parietal regions and beta dominating mainly in the occipital and temporal regions.