Small Sample Size Effects in Statistical Pattern Recognition: Recommendations for Practitioners
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Survey of Methods and Strategies in Character Segmentation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Multidimensional access methods
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
An HMM-Based Approach for Off-Line Unconstrained Handwritten Word Modeling and Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Modern Information Retrieval
Self-Organizing Maps
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A search engine for historical manuscript images
Proceedings of the 27th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
Boosted decision trees for word recognition in handwritten document retrieval
Proceedings of the 28th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval
ICML '06 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Machine learning
Pattern Recognition Letters
Word spotting for historical documents
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition
Text search for medieval manuscript images
Pattern Recognition
A Corner-Finding Algorithm for Chain-Coded Curves
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Handwritten-Word Spotting Using Biologically Inspired Features
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Novel Connectionist System for Unconstrained Handwriting Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Towards an omnilingual word retrieval system for ancient manuscripts
Pattern Recognition
A probabilistic method for keyword retrieval in handwritten document images
Pattern Recognition
A Set of Chain Code Based Features for Writer Recognition
ICDAR '09 Proceedings of the 2009 10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
ICDAR '09 Proceedings of the 2009 10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition
Markov models for offline handwriting recognition: a survey
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition
Ancient Handwritings Decomposition Into Graphemes and Codebook Generation Based on Graph Coloring
ICFHR '10 Proceedings of the 2010 12th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition
Unconstrained handwritten document retrieval
International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition - Special issue on noisy text analytics
A Novel Word Spotting Method Based on Recurrent Neural Networks
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
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Recent technological advances have enhanced the computer-based indexing and searching of digitised printed books. The performance now achievable in this domain, however, does not at present extend to handwritten texts which inherently contain more significant letter-based variation within their content. Furthermore, in most studies that address the handwritten text retrieval problem, a large training dataset is required which, very often, influences the context and search lexicon. In this paper a novel method is described to overcome the training data problem using a character-based modelling (termed grapheme spectrum) approach and a word modelling technique (termed synthesised word) enabling the retrieval of keywords that have not explicitly been seen in the training set. When tested on an illustrative historical manuscript the performance of the proposed word retrieval technique shows a clear advantage over existing methods.