ACM Transactions on Computational Logic (TOCL)
On probabilistic program equivalence and refinement
CONCUR 2005 - Concurrency Theory
Signature-based Symbolic Algorithm for Optimal Markov Chain Lumping
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TACAS'08/ETAPS'08 Proceedings of the Theory and practice of software, 14th international conference on Tools and algorithms for the construction and analysis of systems
On automated verification of probabilistic programs
TACAS'08/ETAPS'08 Proceedings of the Theory and practice of software, 14th international conference on Tools and algorithms for the construction and analysis of systems
Language equivalence for probabilistic automata
CAV'11 Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Computer aided verification
PRISM: a tool for automatic verification of probabilistic systems
TACAS'06 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems
QUAIL: a quantitative security analyzer for imperative code
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PRINSYS: on a quest for probabilistic loop invariants
QEST'13 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Quantitative Evaluation of Systems
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We present APEX, a tool for analysing probabilistic programs that are open, i.e. where variables or even functions can be left unspecified. APEX transforms a program into an automaton that captures the program's probabilistic behaviour under all instantiations of the unspecified components. The translation is compositional and effectively leverages state reduction techniques. APEX can then further analyse the produced automata; in particular, it can check two automata for equivalence which translates to equivalence of the corresponding programs under all environments. In this way, APEX can verify a broad range of anonymity and termination properties of randomised protocols and other open programs, sometimes with an exponential speed-up over competing state-of-the-art approaches.