Overcoming the Lack of Screen Space on Mobile Computers
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
The Psychophysics of Temperature Perception and Thermal-Interface Design
HAPTICS '02 Proceedings of the 10th Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems
Multidimensional tactons for non-visual information presentation in mobile devices
Proceedings of the 8th conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Designing audio and tactile crossmodal icons for mobile devices
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
A thermal information display for mobile applications
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Human computer interaction with mobile devices and services
Some like it hot: thermal feedback for mobile devices
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
"Baby it's cold outside": the influence of ambient temperature and humidity on thermal feedback
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Perception of thermal stimuli for continuous interaction
CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Using unconventional awareness mechanisms to support mobile work
Proceedings of the 2013 Chilean Conference on Human - Computer Interaction
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This paper expands the repertoire of non-visual feedback for mobile interaction, established through Earcons and Tactons, by designing structured thermal cues for conveying information. Research into the use of thermal feedback for HCI has not looked beyond basic 'yes-no' detection of stimuli to the unique identification of those stimuli. We first designed thermal icons that varied along two parameters to convey two pieces of information. We also designed intramodal tactile icons, combining one thermal and one vibrotactile parameter, to test perception of different tactile cues and so evaluate the possibility of augmenting vibrotactile displays with thermal feedback. Thermal icons were identified with 82.8% accuracy, while intramodal icons had 96.9% accuracy, suggesting thermal icons are a viable means of conveying information in mobile HCI, for when audio and/or vibrotactile feedback is not suitable or desired.