Unsupervised Learning of Finite Mixture Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Creating Efficient Codebooks for Visual Recognition
ICCV '05 Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV'05) Volume 1 - Volume 01
Object Categorization by Learned Universal Visual Dictionary
ICCV '05 Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Scalable Recognition with a Vocabulary Tree
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (Information Science and Statistics)
Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning (Information Science and Statistics)
Accelerated EM-based clustering of large data sets
Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery
SMEM Algorithm for Mixture Models
Neural Computation
Universal and Adapted Vocabularies for Generic Visual Categorization
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Efficiently matching sets of features with random histograms
MM '08 Proceedings of the 16th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Localizing Objects with Smart Dictionaries
ECCV '08 Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Computer Vision: Part I
Hamming Embedding and Weak Geometric Consistency for Large Scale Image Search
ECCV '08 Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Computer Vision: Part I
Improving Bag-of-Features for Large Scale Image Search
International Journal of Computer Vision
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Large-scale robust visual codebook construction
Proceedings of the international conference on Multimedia
Product Quantization for Nearest Neighbor Search
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
ECCV'10 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on computer vision conference on Computer vision: Part III
Hyperfeatures – multilevel local coding for visual recognition
ECCV'06 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
SURF: speeded up robust features
ECCV'06 Proceedings of the 9th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Speeded-up, relaxed spatial matching
ICCV '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Computer Vision
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM conference on International conference on multimedia retrieval
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We introduce a clustering method that combines the flexibility of Gaussian mixtures with the scaling properties needed to construct visual vocabularies for image retrieval. It is a variant of expectation-maximization that can converge rapidly while dynamically estimating the number of components. We employ approximate nearest neighbor search to speed-up the E-step and exploit its iterative nature to make search incremental, boosting both speed and precision. We achieve superior performance in large scale retrieval, being as fast as the best known approximate k-means.