Password Memorability and Security: Empirical Results
IEEE Security and Privacy
Authentication using graphical passwords: effects of tolerance and image choice
SOUPS '05 Proceedings of the 2005 symposium on Usable privacy and security
PassPoints: design and longitudinal evaluation of a graphical password system
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special isssue: HCI research in privacy and security is critical now
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies - Special isssue: HCI research in privacy and security is critical now
On user choice in graphical password schemes
SSYM'04 Proceedings of the 13th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 13
The design and analysis of graphical passwords
SSYM'99 Proceedings of the 8th conference on USENIX Security Symposium - Volume 8
Modeling user choice in the PassPoints graphical password scheme
Proceedings of the 3rd symposium on Usable privacy and security
Do background images improve "draw a secret" graphical passwords?
Proceedings of the 14th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
Human-seeded attacks and exploiting hot-spots in graphical passwords
SS'07 Proceedings of 16th USENIX Security Symposium on USENIX Security Symposium
Click Passwords Under Investigation
ESORICS '07 Proceedings of the 12th European symposium on Research In Computer Security
Designing Click-Draw Based Graphical Password Scheme for Better Authentication
NAS '12 Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE Seventh International Conference on Networking, Architecture, and Storage
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To enhance graphical passwords, we have developed a system of click-draw based graphical password scheme (named CD-GPS) that combined current graphical password techniques and evaluated its performance with human users. In real settings, we identify that the effect of tolerance is a key factor affecting the usability of our scheme, however, we have not explored its specific effect in our previous work. In this paper, we therefore conduct a user study to investigate the effect of tolerance on creating and confirming the click-draw based graphical passwords. In particular, we conduct two experiments with totally 60 participants in the user study. The results show that accurate memory and reproduction for the CD-GPS scheme can be significantly reduced when the tolerance is greatly decreased (e.g., 12×12 pixels). In the end, we further discuss how to select an appropriate tolerance for the scheme of CD-GPS in real deployment.