Multiresolution Histograms and Their Use for Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Review of Audio Fingerprinting
Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems
An efficient audio fingerprint design for MP3 music
Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Advances in Mobile Computing and Multimedia
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In this paper, we describe a system for online detecting MP3 music transmissions. Packet mirroring technique is used for capturing the MP3 packets transmitted over the Internet. A multi-resolution local description for the captured MP3 fragment is computed for fast identifying and aligning possible tones within it. Four kinds of MP3 features, i.e., MDCT, MFCC, MPEG-7, and chroma vectors are extracted from the MP3 bitstreams for computing the MP3 fingerprints for further precisely matching. To efficiently search for an unknown MP3 fragment in the high dimensional feature space, an indexing scheme, which utilizes the PCA technique, the QUC-tree, and the MP3 signatures, is proposed. Experiments are performed on the RWC music database to show the robustness and efficiency of the proposed MP3 sniffer system.