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This paper addresses refinement and testing based on CSP models, when we distinguish input and output events. From a testing perspective, there is an asymmetry: the tester (or the environment) controls the inputs, and the system under test controls the outputs. The standard models and refinement relations of CSP are, therefore, not entirely suitable for testing. Here, we adapt the CSP stable-failures model, resulting in the notion of input-output failures refinement. We compare that with the ioco relation often used in testing.Finally, we adapt the CSP testing theory, and show that some tests become unnecessary.