A Theory for Multiresolution Signal Decomposition: The Wavelet Representation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IBM Systems Journal
Robust audio watermarking using perceptual masking
Signal Processing
Transparent and Robust Audio Data Hiding in Subband Domain
ITCC '00 Proceedings of the The International Conference on Information Technology: Coding and Computing (ITCC'00)
A Novel Audio Watermarking Technique Based on Low Frequency Components
ISM '05 Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Symposium on Multimedia
Energy-Proportion Audio Watermarking Scheme in the Wavelet Domain
ICGEC '10 Proceedings of the 2010 Fourth International Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computing
A Novel Synchronization Invariant Audio Watermarking Scheme Based on DWT and DCT
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Robust audio watermarking in the time domain
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Robust and high-quality time-domain audio watermarking based on low-frequency amplitude modification
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
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This study aims to present an adaptive audio watermarking method using ideas of wavelet-based entropy (WBE). The method converts low-frequency coefficients of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) into the WBE domain, followed by the calculations of mean values of each audio as well as derivation of some essential properties of WBE. A characteristic curve relating the WBE and DWT coefficients is also presented. The foundation of the embedding process lies on the approximately invariant property demonstrated from the mean of each audio and the characteristic curve. Besides, the quality of the watermarked audio is optimized. In the detecting process, the watermark can be extracted using only values of the WBE. Finally, the performance of the proposed watermarking method is analyzed in terms of signal to noise ratio, mean opinion score and robustness. Experimental results confirm that the embedded data are robust to resist the common attacks like re-sampling, MP3 compression, low-pass filtering, and amplitude scaling.