Recognizing Facial Expression: Machine Learning and Application to Spontaneous Behavior
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
Joint Haar-like Features for Face Detection
ICCV '05 Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Automatic Feature Localization in Thermal Images for Facial Expression Recognition
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Workshops - Volume 03
Social signal processing: state-of-the-art and future perspectives of an emerging domain
MM '08 Proceedings of the 16th ACM international conference on Multimedia
ACM Transactions on Applied Perception (TAP)
A Survey of Affect Recognition Methods: Audio, Visual, and Spontaneous Expressions
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Social signal processing: Survey of an emerging domain
Image and Vision Computing
Automatic Initiation of the Periorbital Signal Extraction in Thermal Imagery
AVSS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance
In the Eye of the Beholder: A Survey of Models for Eyes and Gaze
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
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By using the knowledge of facial structure and temperature distribution, this paper proposes an automatic eye localization method from infrared thermal images. A facial structure consisting of 15 sub-regions is proposed to extract Haar-like features. Eight classifiers are learned from the features selected by Adaboost algorithm for left and right eye, respectively. A vote strategy is used to find the most likely eyes. Experimental results on the NVIE and Equinox databases show the effectiveness of our approach.