Marching cubes: A high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Principal Warps: Thin-Plate Splines and the Decomposition of Deformations
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Method for Registration of 3-D Shapes
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence - Special issue on interpretation of 3-D scenes—part II
Facial Reconstruction Using Volumetric Data
VMV '01 Proceedings of the Vision Modeling and Visualization Conference 2001
Face Reconstruction from Skull Shapes and Physical Attributes
Proceedings of the 31st DAGM Symposium on Pattern Recognition
Editorial: advanced semantic and social multimedia technologies for future computing environment
Multimedia Tools and Applications
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3D face reconstruction from skull has been investigated deeply by computer scientists in the past two decades because it is important for identification. The dominant methods construct 3D face from the soft tissue thickness measured at a set of landmarks on skull. The quantity and position of the landmarks are very vital for 3D face reconstruction, but there is no uniform standard for the selection of the landmarks. Additionally, the acquirement of the landmarks on skull is difficult without manual assistance. In this paper, an automatic 3D face reconstruction method based on a hierarchical dense deformable model is proposed. To construct the model, the skull and face samples are acquired by CT scanner and represented as dense triangle mesh. Then a non-rigid dense mesh registration algorithm is presented to align all the samples in point-to-point correspondence. Based on the aligned samples, a global deformable model is constructed, and three local models are constructed from the segmented patches of the eye, nose and mouth. For a given skull, the globe and local deformable models are iteratively matched with it, and the reconstructed facial surface is obtained by fusing the globe and local reconstruction results. To validate the presented method, a measurement in the coefficient domain of a face deformable model is defined. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method has good performance for 3D face reconstruction from skull.