Floor acquisition multiple access (FAMA) for packet-radio networks
SIGCOMM '95 Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
A survey of practical issues in underwater networks
WUWNet '06 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international workshop on Underwater networks
Distributed CDMA-based MAC Protocol for Underwater Sensor Networks
LCN '07 Proceedings of the 32nd IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks
Prospects and problems of wireless communication for underwater sensor networks
Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing - Underwater Sensor Networks: Architectures and Protocols
INFOCOM'10 Proceedings of the 29th conference on Information communications
An application-specific protocol architecture for wireless microsensor networks
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Comparison and Evaluation of the T-Lohi MAC for Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
RIPT: A Receiver-Initiated Reservation-Based Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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Due to the characteristics of underwater acoustic channel, such as long propagation delay and low available bandwidth, media access control (MAC) protocol designed for the underwater acoustic sensor network (UWASN) is quite different from that for the terrestrial wireless sensor network. However, for the contention-based MAC protocols, the packet transmission time is long because of the long preamble in real acoustic modems, which increase the packet collisions. And the competition phase lasts for long time when many nodes are competing for the channel to access. For the schedule-based MAC protocols, the delay is too long, especially in a UWASN with low traffic load. In order to resolve these problems, a hybrid reservation-based MAC (HRMAC) protocol is proposed for UWASNs in this paper. In the proposed HRMAC protocol, the nodes reserve the channel by declaring and spectrum spreading technology is used to reduce the collision of the control packets. Many nodes with data packets to be transmitted can reserve the channel simultaneously, and nodes with reserved channel transmit their data in a given order. The performance analysis shows that the proposed HRMAC protocol can improve the channel efficiency greatly. Simulation results also show that the proposed HRMAC protocol achieves better performance, namely higher network throughput, lower packet drop ratio, smaller end-to-end delay, less overhead of control packets and lower energy overhead, compared to existing typical MAC protocols for the UWASNs.