Mining association rules between sets of items in large databases
SIGMOD '93 Proceedings of the 1993 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Modeling the Shape of the Scene: A Holistic Representation of the Spatial Envelope
International Journal of Computer Vision
Object Recognition as Machine Translation: Learning a Lexicon for a Fixed Image Vocabulary
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part IV
Fast Algorithms for Mining Association Rules in Large Databases
VLDB '94 Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
Incremental Algorithms for Hierarchical Classification
The Journal of Machine Learning Research
The MIR flickr retrieval evaluation
MIR '08 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international conference on Multimedia information retrieval
A New Baseline for Image Annotation
ECCV '08 Proceedings of the 10th European Conference on Computer Vision: Part III
Annotating images and image objects using a hierarchical dirichlet process model
Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Multimedia Data Mining: held in conjunction with the ACM SIGKDD 2008
Learning distance functions for image retrieval
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Learning Linear Discriminant Projections for Dimensionality Reduction of Image Descriptors
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Overview of the photo annotation task in imageCLEF@ICPR
ICPR'10 Proceedings of the 20th International conference on Recognizing patterns in signals, speech, images, and videos
iGroup: Weakly supervised image and video grouping
ICCV '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Computer Vision
Large-scale image annotation using visual synset
ICCV '11 Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Computer Vision
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We present an approach to automatically expand the annotation of images using the internet as an additional information source. The novelty of the work is in the expansion of image tags by automatically introducing new unseen complex linguistic labels which are collected unsupervised from associated webpages. Taking a small subset of existing image tags, a web based search retrieves additional textual information. Both a textual bag of words model and a visual bag of words model are combined and symbolised for data mining. Association rule mining is then used to identify rules which relate words to visual contents. Unseen images that fit these rules are re-tagged. This approach allows a large number of additional annotations to be added to unseen images, on average 12.8 new tags per image, with an 87.2% true positive rate. Results are shown on two datasets including a new 2800 image annotation dataset of landmarks, the results include pictures of buildings being tagged with the architect, the year of construction and even events that have taken place there. This widens the tag annotation impact and their use in retrieval. This dataset is made available along with tags and the 1970 webpages and additional images which form the information corpus. In addition, results for a common state-of-the-art dataset MIRFlickr25000 are presented for comparison of the learning framework against previous works.